下面来通过一个实例讲解Session认证的方式
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创建工程：
引入依赖：
org.springframework
spring-webmvc
5.0.4.RELEASE
javax.servlet
javax.servlet-api
3.1.0
org.projectlombok
lombok
1.18.8
security‐springmvc
org.apache.tomcat.maven
tomcat7‐maven‐plugin
2.2
org.apache.maven.plugins
maven‐compiler‐plugin
1.8
1.8
maven‐resources‐plugin
utf‐8
true
src/main/resources
true
**/*
src/main/java
**/*.xml
Spring容器配置
在config包下定义ApplicationConfig.java，这个配置类相当于spring的配置文件
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = ,excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = Controller.)})ApplicationConfig {
}在config包下定义WebConfig.java,这个配置类相当于springmv的配置文件
@Configuration @EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "cn.xh"
,includeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = Controller.class)})public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
//视频解析器
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/view/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
}加载spring容器
在init包下定义spring容器的初始化类SpringApplicationInitializer,该类实现了WebApplicationInitializer接口相当于web.xml文件。Spring容器启动时会加载所有实现了WebApplicationInitializer接口的类。
public class SpringApplicationInitializer extends
AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { ApplicationConfig.class }; } @
Override
protected Class[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { WebConfig.class }; } @
Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String [] {"/"};
}
}该类对应的web.xml文件可以参考：
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
contextConfigLocation
/WEB‐INF/application‐context.xml
springmvc
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
contextConfigLocation
/WEB‐INF/spring‐mvc.xml
1
springmvc
/
实现认证功能
在webapp/WEB-INF/views下定义认证页面login.jsp
<%@ pagecontentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户登录title>
head>
<body>
<formaction="login"method="post">
用户名：<inputtype="text"name="username"><br>
密 码:
<inputtype="password"name="password"><br>
<inputtype="submit"value="登录">
form>
body>
html>
在WebConfig中新增如下配置，将/直接导向login.jsp页面：
@Override
public voidaddViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
}
启动项目，访问/路径地址，进行测试
创建认证接口;
认证接口用来对传入的用户名和密码进行验证，验证成功返回用户的详细信息，失败抛出错误异常。
public interfaceAuthenticationService {
/**
*用户认证
* @paramauthenticationRequest用户认证请求
* @return认证成功的用户信息
*/
UserDto authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest);
}
认证请求结构：
@Data
public classAuthenticationRequest {
/**
*用户名
*/
privateString username;
/**
*密码
*/
privateString password;
}
用户详细信息：
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public classUserDto {
privateString id;
privateString username;
privateString password;
privateString fullname;
privateString mobile;
}
认证实现类：
@Service
public classAuthenticationServiceImpl implementsAuthenticationService {
@Override
publicUserDto authentication(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest) {
if(authenticationRequest == null
|| StringUtils.isEmpty(authenticationRequest.getUsername())
|| StringUtils.isEmpty(authenticationRequest.getPassword())){
throw newRuntimeException("账号或密码为空");
}
UserDto userDto = getUserDto(authenticationRequest.getUsername());
if(userDto == null){
throw newRuntimeException("查询不到该用户");
}
if(!authenticationRequest.getPassword().equals(userDto.getPassword())){
throw newRuntimeException("账号或密码错误");
}
returnuserDto;
}
//模拟用户查询
publicUserDto getUserDto(String username){
returnuserMap.get(username);
}
//用户信息
privateMap userMap= newHashMap<>();
{
userMap.put("zhangsan",newUserDto("1010","zhangsan","123","张三","133443"));
userMap.put("lisi",newUserDto("1011","lisi","456","李四","144553"));
}
}
登录controller:
@RestController
public classLoginController {
@Autowired
privateAuthenticationService authenticationService;
/**
*用户登录
* @paramauthenticationRequest登录请求
* @return
*/
@PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = "text/plain;charset=utf‐8")
publicString login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest){
UserDto userDto = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);
returnuserDto.getFullname() + "登录成功";
}
}
测试
实现会话功能：
当用户登录系统后，系统需要记住用户的信息，一般会把用户的信息放在session中，在需要的时候从session中获取用户的信息，这就是会话机制。
首先在UserDto中定义一个Session_USER_KEY,作为session的key
public static finalString SESSION_USER_KEY= "_user";
修改LoginController,认证成功后，将用户的信息放入session,并增加用户注销的方法，用户注销时清空session
@PostMapping(value = "/login",produces = "text/plain;charset=utf‐8")
publicString login(AuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, HttpSession session){
UserDto userDto = authenticationService.authentication(authenticationRequest);
//用户信息存入session
session.setAttribute(UserDto.SESSION_USER_KEY,userDto);
returnuserDto.getUsername() + "登录成功";
}
@GetMapping(value = "logout",produces = "text/plain;charset=utf‐8")
publicString logout(HttpSession session){
session.invalidate();
return"退出成功";
}
增加测试资源，在LoginController中增加测试资源：
@GetMapping(value = "/r/r1",produces = {"text/plain;charset=utf-8"})
publicString r1(HttpSession session){
String fullname = null;
Object userObj = session.getAttribute(UserDto.SESSION_USER_KEY);
if(userObj != null){
fullname = ((UserDto)userObj).getFullname();
}else{
fullname = "匿名";
}
returnfullname + "访问资源1";
}
测试：
未登录访问 /r/r1显示：
已登录访问 /r/r1显示：
实现授权功能
用户访问系统需要经过授权，需要完成如下功能：
禁止未登录用户访问某些资源
登录用户根据用户的权限决定是否能访问某些资源
第一步：在UserDto里增加权限属性表示该登录用户拥有的权限：
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public classUserDto {
public static finalString SESSION_USER_KEY= "_user";
privateString id;
privateString username;
privateString password;
privateString fullname;
privateString mobile;
/**
*用户权限
*/
privateSet authorities;
}
第二步：在AuthenticationServiceImpl中为用户初始化权限，张三给了p1权限，李四给了p2权限：
//用户信息
privateMap userMap= newHashMap<>();
{
Set authorities1 = newHashSet<>();
authorities1.add("p1");
Set authorities2 = newHashSet<>();
authorities2.add("p2");
userMap.put("zhangsan",newUserDto("1010","zhangsan","123","张三","133443",authorities1));
userMap.put("lisi",newUserDto("1011","lisi","456","李四","144553",authorities2));
}
第三步：在LoginController中增加测试资源：
/**
*测试资源2
* @paramsession
* @return
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/r/r2",produces = {"text/plain;charset=utf-8"})
publicString r2(HttpSession session){
String fullname = null;
Object userObj = session.getAttribute(UserDto.SESSION_USER_KEY);
if(userObj != null){
fullname = ((UserDto)userObj).getFullname();
}else{
fullname = "匿名";
}
returnfullname + "访问资源2";
}
第四步：在interceptor包下实现授权拦截器SimpleAuthenticationInterceptor：
校验用户是否登录
校验用户是否有操作权限
@Component
public classSimpleAuthenticationInterceptor implementsHandlerInterceptor {
//请求拦截方法
@Override
public booleanpreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object
handler) throwsException {
//读取会话信息
Object object = request.getSession().getAttribute(UserDto.SESSION_USER_KEY);
if(object == null) {
writeContent(response, "请登录");
}
UserDto user = (UserDto) object;
//请求的url
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
if(user.getAuthorities().contains("p1") && requestURI.contains("/r1")) {
return true;
}
if(user.getAuthorities().contains("p2") && requestURI.contains("/r2")) {
return true;
}
writeContent(response, "权限不足，拒绝访问");
return false;
}
//响应输出
private voidwriteContent(HttpServletResponse response, String msg) throwsIOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
writer.print(msg);
writer.close();
response.resetBuffer();
}
}
在WebConfig中配置拦截器，配置/r/**的资源被拦截器处理：
@Autowired
privateSimpleAuthenticationInterceptor simpleAuthenticationInterceptor;
@Override
public voidaddInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(simpleAuthenticationInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/r/**");
}
测试：
未登录：
张三访问/r/r1：
张三访问 /r/r2:
网页标题：通过session会话实现认证和授权
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