这篇文章主要介绍怎么使用Python测试Ping主机IP和某端口是否开放，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！
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python是什么意思
Python是一种跨平台的、具有解释性、编译性、互动性和面向对象的脚本语言，其最初的设计是用于编写自动化脚本，随着版本的不断更新和新功能的添加，常用于用于开发独立的项目和大型项目。
使用Python方法
比用各种命令方便，可以设置超时时间，到底通不通，端口是否开放一眼能看出来。
命令和返回
完整权限，可以ping通，端口开放，结果如下：
无root权限（省略了ping），端口开放，结果如下：
完整权限，可以ping通，远端端口关闭，结果如下：
完整权限，可以ping通，本地端口关闭，结果如下：
完整权限，不能ping通（端口自然也无法访问），结果如下：
pnp.py代码
#!/usr/bin/python
#name pnp.py
#ping and port
#coding:utf-8
import os, sys, socket, struct, select, time
ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8 # Seems to be the same on Solaris.
socket.setdefaulttimeout(4)
#first argument
host=sys.argv[1]
#second argument
port=int(sys.argv[2])
#socket try connect
def PortOpen(ip,port):
print( '\033[1m*Port\033[0m %s:%d' %(ip,port)),
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
s.connect((ip,port))
s.shutdown(2)
print( '\033[1;32m.... is OK.\033[0m' )
return True
except socket.timeout:
print( '\033[1;33m.... is down or network time out!!!\033[0m' )
return False
except:
print( '\033[1;31m.... is down!!!\033[0m' )
return False
def checksum(source_string):
"""
I'm not too confident that this is right but testing seems
to suggest that it gives the same answers as in_cksum in ping.c
"""
sum = 0
countTo = (len(source_string)/2)*2
count = 0
while count> 16) + (sum & 0xffff)
sum = sum + (sum >> 16)
answer = ~sum
answer = answer & 0xffff
# Swap bytes. Bugger me if I know why.
answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)
return answer
def receive_one_ping(my_socket, ID, timeout):
"""
receive the ping from the socket.
"""
timeLeft = timeout
while True:
startedSelect = time.time()
whatReady = select.select([my_socket], [], [], timeLeft)
howLongInSelect = (time.time() - startedSelect)
if whatReady[0] == []: # Timeout
return
timeReceived = time.time()
recPacket, addr = my_socket.recvfrom(1024)
icmpHeader = recPacket[20:28]
type, code, checksum, packetID, sequence = struct.unpack(
"bbHHh", icmpHeader
)
if packetID == ID:
bytesInDouble = struct.calcsize("d")
timeSent = struct.unpack("d", recPacket[28:28 + bytesInDouble])[0]
return timeReceived - timeSent
timeLeft = timeLeft - howLongInSelect
if timeLeft <= 0:
return
def send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, ID):
"""
Send one ping to the given >dest_addr<.
"""
dest_addr = socket.gethostbyname(dest_addr)
# Header is type (8), code (8), checksum (16), id (16), sequence (16)
my_checksum = 0
# Make a dummy heder with a 0 checksum.
header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, my_checksum, ID, 1)
#a1 = struct.unpack("bbHHh",header) #my test
bytesInDouble = struct.calcsize("d")
data = (192 - bytesInDouble) * "Q"
data = struct.pack("d", time.time()) + data
# Calculate the checksum on the data and the dummy header.
my_checksum = checksum(header + data)
# Now that we have the right checksum, we put that in. It's just easier
# to make up a new header than to stuff it into the dummy.
header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, socket.htons(my_checksum), ID, 1)
packet = header + data
my_socket.sendto(packet, (dest_addr, 1)) # Don't know about the 1
def do_one(dest_addr, timeout):
"""
Returns either the delay (in seconds) or none on timeout.
"""
delay=None
icmp = socket.getprotobyname("icmp")
try:
my_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, icmp)
my_ID = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF
send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, my_ID)
delay = receive_one_ping(my_socket, my_ID, timeout)
my_socket.close()
except socket.error, (errno, msg):
if errno == 1:
# Operation not permitted
msg = msg + (
" - not root."
)
raise socket.error(msg)
#raise # raise the original error
return delay
def verbose_ping(dest_addr, timeout = 2, count = 100):
"""
Send >count< ping to >dest_addr< with the given >timeout< and display
the result.
"""
for i in xrange(count):
print "\033[1m*Ping\033[0m %s ..." % dest_addr,
try:
delay = do_one(dest_addr, timeout)
except socket.error, e:
print "\033[1;31m... failed. (%s)" % e
break
if delay == None:
print "\033[1;31m... failed. (timeout within %ssec.)\033[0m" % timeout
else:
delay = delay * 1000
print "\033[1;32m... get ping in %0.4fms\033[0m" % delay
if __name__ == '__main__':
if os.geteuid() == 0:
verbose_ping(host,2,3)
else:
print "\033[1m*Ping\033[0m test must be sudo or root..."
PortOpen(host,port)
print( 'Job finished.')
使用命令方法
使用命令ping就不说了，端口可以用下面的命令。
当时目前telnet基本不用，可能没有telnet客户端了。
测试通常连接不上会等很久，端口连上了也需要通过反馈内容自行判断。
telnet
telnet ip port
$telnet 192.168.234.1
Trying 192.168.234.1...
Connected to 192.168.234.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
......
wget
wget ip:port
$wget 192.168.234.1:21
--2019-03-22 15:42:27-- http://192.168.234.1:21/
正在连接 192.168.234.1:21... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 没有 HTTP 头，尝试 HTTP/0.9
长度：未指定
正在保存至: “index.html”
......
SSH
ssh -v ip -p port
$ssh -v 192.168.234.1 -p 21
OpenSSH_7.4p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 58: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 192.168.234.1 [192.168.234.1] port 21.
debug1: Connection established.
......
curl
culr ip:port
$curl 192.168.234.1:21
220 Serv-U FTP Server v15.1 ready...
530 Not logged in.
......
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