本篇文章给大家分享的是有关使用@RestControllerAdvice怎么对异常进行处理，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家学习，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获，话不多说，跟着小编一起来看看吧。
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从DispatcherServlet入口，如下：
protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
String resumed = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).hasConcurrentResult() ? " resumed" : "";
logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'" + resumed +
" processing " + request.getMethod() + " request for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "]");
}
// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
Map attributesSnapshot = null;
if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
attributesSnapshot = new HashMap();
Enumeration attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PREFIX)) {
attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
}
}
}
// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());
FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
if (inputFlashMap != null) {
request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
}
request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
try {
//直接看这个方法
doDispatch(request, response);
}
finally {
if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
}
}
}
}
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// Determine handler for the current request.
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
return;
}
// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
String method = request.getMethod();
boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
}
if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
return;
}
}
if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
// Actually invoke the handler.
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
return;
}
applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
dispatchException = ex;
}
catch (Throwable err) {
// As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
// making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
}
//处理结果（里面含异常处理）
processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
}
catch (Throwable err) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
}
finally {
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
if (mappedHandler != null) {
mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
}
}
else {
// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
if (multipartRequestParsed) {
cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
}
}
}
}进入异常处理的地方 
进入到resolveException方法，默认解析器有3个，ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver，ResponseStatusExceptionResolver，DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver；具体实例化的地方在WebMvcConfigurationSupport#addDefaultHandlerExceptionResolvers方法
protected final void addDefaultHandlerExceptionResolvers(List exceptionResolvers) {
ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver exceptionHandlerResolver = createExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver();
exceptionHandlerResolver.setContentNegotiationManager(mvcContentNegotiationManager());
exceptionHandlerResolver.setMessageConverters(getMessageConverters());
exceptionHandlerResolver.setCustomArgumentResolvers(getArgumentResolvers());
exceptionHandlerResolver.setCustomReturnValueHandlers(getReturnValueHandlers());
if (jackson2Present) {
exceptionHandlerResolver.setResponseBodyAdvice(
Collections.>singletonList(new JsonViewResponseBodyAdvice()));
}
exceptionHandlerResolver.setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
exceptionHandlerResolver.afterPropertiesSet();
exceptionResolvers.add(exceptionHandlerResolver);
ResponseStatusExceptionResolver responseStatusResolver = new ResponseStatusExceptionResolver();
responseStatusResolver.setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
exceptionResolvers.add(responseStatusResolver);
exceptionResolvers.add(new DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver());
}
先看ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver的处理如下： ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver初始化的时候，
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
// Do this first, it may add ResponseBodyAdvice beans
initExceptionHandlerAdviceCache();
if (this.argumentResolvers == null) {
List resolvers = getDefaultArgumentResolvers();
this.argumentResolvers = new HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite().addResolvers(resolvers);
}
if (this.returnValueHandlers == null) {
List handlers = getDefaultReturnValueHandlers();
this.returnValueHandlers = new HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite().addHandlers(handlers);
}
}
find所有ControllerAdvice Annotion注解的bean(找@ControllerAdvice注解或者其作为meta annotation，可以看下AnnotationUtils#findAnnotation方法)，并排序；如果该类实现了ResponseBodyAdvice（可自定义扩展统一response的返回）接口 
public ExceptionHandlerMethodResolver(Class handlerType) {
for (Method method : MethodIntrospector.selectMethods(handlerType, EXCEPTION_HANDLER_METHODS)) {
for (Class exceptionType : detectExceptionMappings(method)) {
addExceptionMapping(exceptionType, method);
}
}
}
public static final MethodFilter EXCEPTION_HANDLER_METHODS = new MethodFilter() {
@Override
public boolean matches(Method method) {
return (AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, ExceptionHandler.class) != null);
}
};找到标有ExceptionHandler注解的方法，并缓存再exceptionHandlerCache上，然后判断该ControllerAdviceBean是否能应用到该controller上
protected ServletInvocableHandlerMethod getExceptionHandlerMethod(HandlerMethod handlerMethod, Exception exception) {
Class handlerType = null;
if (handlerMethod != null) {
// Local exception handler methods on the controller class itself.
// To be invoked through the proxy, even in case of an interface-based proxy.
handlerType = handlerMethod.getBeanType();
ExceptionHandlerMethodResolver resolver = this.exceptionHandlerCache.get(handlerType);
if (resolver == null) {
resolver = new ExceptionHandlerMethodResolver(handlerType);
this.exceptionHandlerCache.put(handlerType, resolver);
}
Method method = resolver.resolveMethod(exception);
if (method != null) {
return new ServletInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod.getBean(), method);
}
// For advice applicability check below (involving base packages, assignable types
// and annotation presence), use target class instead of interface-based proxy.
if (Proxy.isProxyClass(handlerType)) {
handlerType = AopUtils.getTargetClass(handlerMethod.getBean());
}
}
for (Map.Entry entry : this.exceptionHandlerAdviceCache.entrySet()) {
ControllerAdviceBean advice = entry.getKey();
//判断是否匹配
if (advice.isApplicableToBeanType(handlerType)) {
ExceptionHandlerMethodResolver resolver = entry.getValue();
Method method = resolver.resolveMethod(exception);
if (method != null) {
return new ServletInvocableHandlerMethod(advice.resolveBean(), method);
}
}
}
return null;
}
可以看一下ControllerAdvice注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface ControllerAdvice {
/**
* Alias for the {@link #basePackages} attribute.
* Allows for more concise annotation declarations e.g.:
* {@code @ControllerAdvice("org.my.pkg")} is equivalent to
* {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages="org.my.pkg")}.
* @since 4.0
* @see #basePackages()
*/
@AliasFor("basePackages")
String[] value() default {};
/**
* Array of base packages.
*
Controllers that belong to those base packages or sub-packages thereof
* will be included, e.g.: {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages="org.my.pkg")}
* or {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages={"org.my.pkg", "org.my.other.pkg"})}.
*
{@link #value} is an alias for this attribute, simply allowing for
* more concise use of the annotation.
*
Also consider using {@link #basePackageClasses()} as a type-safe
* alternative to String-based package names.
* @since 4.0
*/
@AliasFor("value")
String[] basePackages() default {};
/**
* Type-safe alternative to {@link #value()} for specifying the packages
* to select Controllers to be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice}
* annotated class.
*
Consider creating a special no-op marker class or interface in each package
* that serves no purpose other than being referenced by this attribute.
* @since 4.0
*/
Class[] basePackageClasses() default {};
/**
* Array of classes.
*
Controllers that are assignable to at least one of the given types
* will be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice} annotated class.
* @since 4.0
*/
Class[] assignableTypes() default {};
/**
* Array of annotations.
*
Controllers that are annotated with this/one of those annotation(s)
* will be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice} annotated class.
*
Consider creating a special annotation or use a predefined one,
* like {@link RestController @RestController}.
* @since 4.0
*/
Class[] annotations() default {};
}
最后，定位到ServletInvocableHandlerMethod#invokeAndHandle异常方法处理 
RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor#handleReturnValue 
通过消息解析器，把流写出去
protected void writeWithMessageConverters(T value, MethodParameter returnType,
ServletServerHttpRequest inputMessage, ServletServerHttpResponse outputMessage)
throws IOException, HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
Object outputValue;
Class valueType;
Type declaredType;
if (value instanceof CharSequence) {
outputValue = value.toString();
valueType = String.class;
declaredType = String.class;
}
else {
outputValue = value;
valueType = getReturnValueType(outputValue, returnType);
declaredType = getGenericType(returnType);
}
HttpServletRequest request = inputMessage.getServletRequest();
List requestedMediaTypes = getAcceptableMediaTypes(request);
List producibleMediaTypes = getProducibleMediaTypes(request, valueType, declaredType);
if (outputValue != null && producibleMediaTypes.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No converter found for return value of type: " + valueType);
}
Set compatibleMediaTypes = new LinkedHashSet();
for (MediaType requestedType : requestedMediaTypes) {
for (MediaType producibleType : producibleMediaTypes) {
if (requestedType.isCompatibleWith(producibleType)) {
compatibleMediaTypes.add(getMostSpecificMediaType(requestedType, producibleType));
}
}
}
if (compatibleMediaTypes.isEmpty()) {
if (outputValue != null) {
throw new HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException(producibleMediaTypes);
}
return;
}
List mediaTypes = new ArrayList(compatibleMediaTypes);
MediaType.sortBySpecificityAndQuality(mediaTypes);
MediaType selectedMediaType = null;
for (MediaType mediaType : mediaTypes) {
if (mediaType.isConcrete()) {
selectedMediaType = mediaType;
break;
}
else if (mediaType.equals(MediaType.ALL) || mediaType.equals(MEDIA_TYPE_APPLICATION)) {
selectedMediaType = MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM;
break;
}
}
if (selectedMediaType != null) {
selectedMediaType = selectedMediaType.removeQualityValue();
for (HttpMessageConverter messageConverter : this.messageConverters) {
if (messageConverter instanceof GenericHttpMessageConverter) {
if (((GenericHttpMessageConverter) messageConverter).canWrite(
declaredType, valueType, selectedMediaType)) {
outputValue = (T) getAdvice().beforeBodyWrite(outputValue, returnType, selectedMediaType,
(Class>) messageConverter.getClass(),
inputMessage, outputMessage);
if (outputValue != null) {
addContentDispositionHeader(inputMessage, outputMessage);
((GenericHttpMessageConverter) messageConverter).write(
outputValue, declaredType, selectedMediaType, outputMessage);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Written [" + outputValue + "] as \"" + selectedMediaType +
"\" using [" + messageConverter + "]");
}
}
return;
}
}
else if (messageConverter.canWrite(valueType, selectedMediaType)) {
outputValue = (T) getAdvice().beforeBodyWrite(outputValue, returnType, selectedMediaType,
(Class>) messageConverter.getClass(),
inputMessage, outputMessage);
if (outputValue != null) {
addContentDispositionHeader(inputMessage, outputMessage);
((HttpMessageConverter) messageConverter).write(outputValue, selectedMediaType, outputMessage);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Written [" + outputValue + "] as \"" + selectedMediaType +
"\" using [" + messageConverter + "]");
}
}
return;
}
}
}
if (outputValue != null) {
throw new HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException(this.allSupportedMediaTypes);
}
}
在body writer之前，会先调用ResponseBodyAdvice match做一层处理，也就是说， 
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler implements ResponseBodyAdvice {}以上就是使用@RestControllerAdvice怎么对异常进行处理，小编相信有部分知识点可能是我们日常工作会见到或用到的。希望你能通过这篇文章学到更多知识。更多详情敬请关注创新互联行业资讯频道。
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