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Mariadb源码包升级安装
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数据库的安装方式：
1、RPM包
2、源码包
3、通用二进制格式的程序包
详细解析源码包升级：这里以mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz为例
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -q mariadb-server
mariadb-server-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ ——/usr/local：源码包安装路径
[root@centos7 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@centos7 local]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64 MySQL ‘mysql’ -> ‘mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64’
[root@centos7 local]# ll mysql/
total 204
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 500 500 17987 Oct 10 2015 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 500 500 26545 Oct 10 2015 COPYING.LESSER
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root17 Oct 26 20:21 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 500 5008245 Oct 10 2015 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root18 Oct 26 20:21 include
-rw-r--r--. 1 500 5008694 Oct 10 2015 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root28 Oct 26 20:21 man
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 500 500 108813 Oct 10 2015 README
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root29 Oct 26 20:21 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root4096 Oct 26 20:21 support-files
[root@centos7 local]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@centos7 local]# cd mysql/
[root@centos7 mysql]# chown -R root:mysql ./* ——链接文件赋权规则
[root@centos7 mysql]# ll
total 204
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql 4096 Oct 26 20:21 bin -rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 17987 Oct 10 2015 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 26545 Oct 10 2015 COPYING.LESSER
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root mysql7 Oct 26 20:21 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql8245 Oct 10 2015 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x.3 root mysql18 Oct 26 20:21 include
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql8694 Oct 10 2015 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root mysql4096 Oct 26 20:21 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root mysql28 Oct 26 20:21 man
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root mysql4096 Oct 26 20:21 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 108813 Oct 10 2015 README
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql29 Oct 26 20:21 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root mysql4096 Oct 26 20:21 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root mysql4096 Oct 26 20:21 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root mysql4096 Oct 26 20:21 support-files
[root@centos7 mysql]# mkdir /mydata/data-p
[root@centos7 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/
[root@centos7 mysql]# ls support-files/
binary-configure my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf my-small.cnf mysql.server
Magic my-large.cnf mysqld_multi.server SELinux
my-huge.cnf my-medium.cnf mysql-log-rotate
[root@centos7 mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysqld/my.cnf
[root@centos7 mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8
datadir = /mydata/data
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
[root@centos7 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12196 Oct 26 20:37 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... ERROR!
[root@centos7 mysql]# ss -tnl
StateRecv-Q Send-Q Local Address:PortPeer Address:Port
LISTEN05192.168.122.1:53*:*
LISTEN0128*:22*:*
LISTEN0128127.0.0.1:631*:*
LISTEN0100127.0.0.1:25*:*
LISTEN0128:::22:::*
LISTEN0128::1:631:::*
LISTEN0100::1:25:::*
[root@centos7 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@centos7 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data
[root@centos7 mysql]# ls /mydata/data/
aria_log.00000001 mysqlmysql-bin.000002 performance_schema
aria_log_control mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.index test
[root@centos7 mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!