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这篇文章给大家分享的是nginx实现文件上传和下载的方法。小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家学习。如下资料是关于实现文件上传和下载的方法的内步骤。
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系统版本：
[root@vhost8 local]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
用户准备：
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
目录及权限准备
[root@vhost8 local]#
mkdir -p /export/share/upload/
mkdir -p /export/tmp/upload/
cd /export/tmp/upload/
mkdir 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 state
chown -R nginx:nginx /export/
[root@vhost8 export]# tree
.
├── share
│ └── upload
│ ├── eclipse-cpp-2019-09-R-win32-x86_64.zip
└── tmp
└── upload
├── 0
│ ├── 0001559170
├── 1
│ ├── 0000000001
├── 2
├── 3
├── 4
├── 5
├── 6
├── 7
├── 8
├── 9
└── state
15 directories, 26 files
[root@vhost8 local]#
nginx 安装：
yum remove nginx
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake gd gd-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel
mkdir /root/thb
cd /root/thb
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.7.tar.gz
git clone https://github.com/hongzhidao/nginx-upload-module.git
git clone https://github.com/masterzen/nginx-upload-progress-module.git
tar -xzvf nginx-1.17.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.17.7/
./configure --with-debug --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --add-module=/root/thb/nginx-upload-module --add-module=/root/thb/nginx-upload-progress-module --with-stream --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-file-aio --with-cc-opt='-Wno-format-security -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-result -D NGX_HAVE_OPENSSL_MD5_H=1 -D NGX_OPENSSL_MD5=1 -D NGX_HAVE_OPENSSL_SHA1_H=1 -O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'
make && make install
修改nginx配置：
cd /etc/nginx/
vi nginx.conf
[root@vhost8 nginx]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 4;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upload_progress proxied 8m;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
auth_basic "Please input password"; #这里是验证时的提示信息
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/passwd/testpwd;
# upload
client_max_body_size 100g; # 这个配置表示最大上传大小，但是我没有验证过是否能传 100g 的文件
# Upload form should be submitted to this location
location /upload {
# Pass altered request body to this location
upload_pass /upload.php;
# 开启resumable
upload_resumable on;
# Store files to this directory
# The directory is hashed, subdirectories 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 should exist
# 记得修改目录的读写权限
upload_store /export/tmp/upload 1;
upload_state_store /export/tmp/upload/state;
# Allow uploaded files to be read by all
upload_store_access all:r;
# Set specified fields in request body
upload_set_form_field "${upload_field_name}_name" $upload_file_name;
upload_set_form_field "${upload_field_name}_content_type" $upload_content_type;
upload_set_form_field "${upload_field_name}_path" $upload_tmp_path;
# Inform backend about hash and size of a file
upload_aggregate_form_field "${upload_field_name}_md5" $upload_file_md5;
upload_aggregate_form_field "${upload_field_name}_size" $upload_file_size;
upload_pass_form_field "^submit$|^description$";
}
location ~ \.php$ {
# fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
location /myfiles {
alias /export/share/upload/; # 文件存放目录，注意要以 '/' 结尾；
index index.html; # 如果文件存放目录有 index.html，会跳转到 index.html；
autoindex on; # 自动列出目录下的文件；
autoindex_exact_size off; # 文件大小按 G、M 的格式显示，而不是 Bytes；
}
}
}
[root@vhost8 local]#
编辑上传文件
[root@vhost8 local]#
cd /etc/nginx/html
vi upload.php
[root@vhost8 html]# cat upload.php
$header_prefix = 'file';
$slots = 6;
?>
if ($_POST){
echo "
echo "
| Name | Location | Content type | MD5 | Size | Scp Command | Wget Command |
| $name | $final_path | $content_type | $md5 | $size | $scp_cmd | $wget_cmd | ";
}else{?>
}
?>
[root@vhost8 local]#
增加nginx 网页登录验证
yum -y install httpd-tools
mkdir -p /etc/nginx/passwd/
htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/passwd/testpwd user1
输入2遍user1 登录密码
增加nginx启动文件
[root@vhost8 local]#
vi /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@vhost8 local]# cat /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@vhost8 local]#
php安装
[root@vhost8 nginx]#
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc
yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel
cd ~
wget https://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.4.7.tar.gz
tar -xzvf php-5.4.7.tar.gz
cd php-5.4.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --disable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-MySQL --with-mysqli --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir
make all install
cd /usr/local/php
cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf
vi etc/php-fpm.conf
修改
user = nginx
group = nginx
启动php-fpm服务：
cd /usr/local/php
./sbin/php-fpm &
启动nginx：
[root@vhost8 local]#
systemctl enable nginx.service
systemctl start nginx
systemctl status nginx
文件浏览：
http://192.168.187.137/myfiles/
文件上传：
http://192.168.187.137/upload.php
关于nginx实现文件上传和下载的方法就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。