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安装MySQL教程详解

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 本次主要是mysql-5.5.54 的安装

基础环境为：

                  centos 6.8 

 一、下载mysql-5.5.54 安装包

       创建软件存放目录

                    mkdir /home/softwares/

                    cd  /home/softwares/

                    wget  http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz

二、安装mysql 依赖包

                    yum install -y cmake;

                    yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ ;

                    yum install -y ncurses-devel.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y cmake.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y libaio.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y bison.x86_64 ;

                    yum install -y gcc-c++.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Module-Build;

                    yum install -y libtool zilib-devel ;

                    yum install -y libaio.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Module-Pluggable.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Pod-Escapes.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-Pod-Simple.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-libs.x86_64;

                    yum install -y perl-version.x86_64  ;

                    yum install –y openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel;

            2、创建用户和组分区

                   groupadd mysql  

                   useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin

            3、解压mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz

                   tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.54/  && chmod +x *

            4、编译安装

安装MySQL 教程详解

cmake \ ##相当于config
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/u01/app/mysql/db \   ##数据库安装的目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/u01/app/mysql/db/etc \       ##数据库安装的配置文件，不用原来的默认文件可以避免多次升级的时候读取错误的配置文件
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/u01/data/mysql/db/data \ ##数据库默认存放库表存放的位置
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/u01/app/mysql/db/mysql.sock \ ##本地通信日志
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

             make  install

           5、编写配置文件

                cd /u01/app/mysql/db/  &&  mkdir etc && cd etc

                mkdir etc

                vi my.cnf

cat my.cnf 

[mysqld]

#########data###########

user=mysql

basedir = /u01/app/mysql/db

datadir = /u01/app/mysql/data

innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innolog

innodb_log_file_size = 50M

innodb_data_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innodata

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M;ibdata2:150M:autoextend

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend

log-bin = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-binlog

log-bin-index = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-bin.index

binlog_cache_size = 32M

max_binlog_size=512M

binlog_format=row

innodb_file_per_table=1

log-error = /u01/app/mysql/mysql-error.log

pid-file = /u01/app/mysql/mysql.pid

skip-name-resolve

socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock

############pool#########

#*******skip-innodb*********

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 64M

innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M

innodb_write_io_threads = 8

innodb_read_io_threads = 8

innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 512M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

port=3306

server-id= 1

# *** global cache ***

read_buffer_size = 32M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 64M

join_buffer_size = 64M

# *** query cache ***

query_cache_size = 128M

query_cache_limit = 4M

# *** bin log ***

#log_slave_updates

log_warnings

###########others#########

#***transaction***

default-storage-engine = INNODB

transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

# *** thread ***

thread_cache_size = 16

thread_stack = 512K

#*** network ***

back_log = 512

#skip-networking

max_connections = 3000

max_connect_errors = 30

table_open_cache = 4096

max_allowed_packet = 32M

max_heap_table_size = 512M

#*** char set ***

character-set-server = utf8

#explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

# *** tmp table ***

tmp_table_size = 128M

# *** slow query log ***

slow_query_log

long_query_time = 10

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

[mysql]

auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 12M

sort_buffer_size = 12M

read_buffer = 32M

write_buffer = 32M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

[client]

socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock

port=3306

           6、将mysql启动脚本脚本命令复制到/etc/init.d/

                cp /u01/app/mysql/db/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld && chmod +x                 /etc/init.d/mysqld

                chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

               

           7、根据my.cnf 创建目录他不会自动创建目录

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innolog

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innodata

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql-binlog

               mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/log/

               chown mysql. /u01/app/mysql/ -R

                cd /u01/app/mysql/db

          8、初始化语句数据库安装指定的目录，数据库默认存放目录

               ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/u01/app/mysql/db --datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data --user=mysql

           更改环境变量

            vim ~/.bash_profile

            PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/u01/app/mysql/db/bin/

            环境变量生效

             source ~/.bash_profile

            如果报错：

 /etc/init.d/mysqld start

 配置文件的问题

 Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysql.pid).

一般需要自己查询配置文件是否设置的参数过大或者过小，查看机器内存是否过小，如果都是可以的请删除除了db 文件之外的所有 然后重新创建目录

              ##########启动成功之后设置密码###########

                mysqladmin -uroot password "123456"

看了以上关于安装MySQL 教程详解，希望能给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助。本文由于篇幅有限，难免会有不足和需要补充的地方，如有需要更加专业的解答，可在官网联系我们的24小时售前售后，随时帮您解答问题的。


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