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1.在虚拟主机中实现用户验证
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[root@localhost logs]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
DocumentRoot "/data/www"
ServerName www.123.com
ServerAlias www.aaa.com
#用户认证
AllowOverride AuthConfig
AuthName "study"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd //存用户名和密码
require valid-user
#ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log" //错误日志
#CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common //正常日志
/data/.htpasswd文件的生成：
/usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd -c -m(md5)/data/.htpasswd [username] //第一次使用时要添加-c选项，若第二次还是用则会覆盖第一次的所产生的文件。
New password:
Re-typenew password:
[root@localhost MySQL]# cat /data/.htpasswd
aming1:$apr1$60e7Z/11$31yiwDyX0iRSVGAuznpwn.
[root@localhost ~]# apache -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost ~]# apache restart
注：
增加第二个用户的时候，就不要加-c了，因为-c是创建的意思，如果加上会把这个文件重写。
再次用浏览器进入论坛会出现以下窗口：
输入用户名和密码后就会进入论坛了。
2.配置域名跳转
在用户认证后添加以下内容：
#域名跳转
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.123.com$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://www.aaa.com/$1 [R=301,L]
如果是多个域名，可以这样设置：
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.123.com [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.456.com$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://www.aaa.com/$1 [R=301,L]
通过输入curl命令则可以验证域名跳转成功，但是如果未指定用户名则不能跳转
[root@localhost logs]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.123.com -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:08:07 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Location: http://www.aaa.com/
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:08:07 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost logs]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:08:14 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.28
location: forum.php
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:08:14 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
以下为未输入用户名所得的结果：
[root@localhost mysql]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com -I
HTTP/1.1 401 Authorization Required
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:02:56 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="study"
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost mysql]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.123.com -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:02:58 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Location: http://www.aaa.com/
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:02:58 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
注：301与302区别——301暂时，302永久 ，401 Authorization Requied需要认证
配置apache的访问日志
[root@localhost logs]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
添加如下内容
#配置日志
ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache2/logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" p_w_picpath-request
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" p_w_picpath-request
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache2/bin/rotatelogs -l /usr/local/apache2/logs/oem.discuz.qq.com-error_%Y%m%d.log 86400" combined env=!p_w_picpath-request
注：路径最好写绝对路径，同时也要写对，在实验时由于自己未写对路径就出现了错误。
若将生成日志的文件路径写错会出现以下错误。
[root@localhost logs]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.123.com -I
curl: (7) couldn't connect to host
[root@localhost logs]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com -I
curl: (7) couldn't connect to host
配置静态文件缓存
[root@localhost logs]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
添加如下内容
#配置静态文件缓存
ExpiresActive on
ExpiresByType p_w_picpath/gif "access plus 1 days"
ExpiresByType p_w_picpath/jpeg "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType p_w_picpath/png "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType text/css "now plus 2 hour"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresDefault "now plus 0 min"
注：我们在设置js文件时格式为x-javascript，curl后不能达到我们要的效果，我们将其该为javascript就可以了。
[root@localhost www]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/2.js -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:43:13 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Last-Modified: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:41:14 GMT
ETag: "23277-0-5152106b3c108"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:43:13 GMT
Content-Type: application/javascript
[root@localhost www]# curl -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/2.js -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:44:14 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Last-Modified: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:41:14 GMT
ETag: "23277-0-5152106b3c108"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: max-age=7200
Expires: Sun, 03 May 2015 00:44:14 GMT
Content-Type: application/javascript
这里补充说明一点，最后一行已经告诉了我们文件类型，比如这里是 Content-Type: application/javascript，如果对于 css 文件，则为 Content-Type: text/css ，对于 jpg/jpeg 文件，则为 Content-Type: p_w_picpath/jpeg ，只需要将该类型配置到 ExpiresByType 中就可以对相应文件进行缓存了。
配置防盗链
添加如下内容：
#配置防盗链
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://www.123.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer ".*www.aaa.com" local_ref
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^$" local_ref
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from env=local_ref
实验结果：
[root@localhost www]# curl -u aming1:123456 -e"www.aaa.com/safsaf" -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/1.txt -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:59:35 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Last-Modified: Sat, 02 May 2015 15:22:31 GMT
ETag: "2325b-a-5151ae5c57002"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 10
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:59:35 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
[root@localhost www]# curl -u aming1:123456 -e"http://www.123.com/safsaf" -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/1.txt -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 23:00:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Last-Modified: Sat, 02 May 2015 15:22:31 GMT
ETag: "2325b-a-5151ae5c57002"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 10
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Expires: Sat, 02 May 2015 23:00:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
[root@localhost www]# curl -e "www.baidu.com" -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/1.txt -I
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:57:23 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
[root@localhost www]# curl -e "www.qq.com" -u aming1:123456 -x127.0.0.1:80 www.aaa.com/1.txt -I
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Sat, 02 May 2015 22:57:44 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.28
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
访问控制
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
针对请求的uri去限制
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
某个某陆下禁止解析php
php_admin_flag engine off
Order deny,allow
Deny from all