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一、官方的httpd安装脚本
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[root@textbox ~]# rpm -q --scripts httpd
preinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
# Add the "apache" group and user
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 48 -r apache 2> /dev/null || :
/usr/sbin/useradd -c "Apache" -u 48 -g apache \
-s /sbin/nologin -r -d /usr/share/httpd apache 2> /dev/null || :
postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
if [ $1 -eq 1 ] ; then
# Initial installation
systemctl preset httpd.service htcacheclean.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
fi
preuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
if [ $1 -eq 0 ] ; then
# Package removal, not upgrade
systemctl --no-reload disable httpd.service htcacheclean.service > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
systemctl stop httpd.service htcacheclean.service > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
fi
postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
systemctl daemon-reload >/dev/null 2>&1 || :
# Trigger for conversion from SysV, per guidelines at:
# https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packaging:ScriptletSnippets#Systemd
posttrans scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
test -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd-disable-posttrans || \
/bin/systemctl try-restart httpd.service htcacheclean.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || :二、httpd的systemd文件
参考：http://www.jinbuguo.com/systemd/systemd.kill.html
分为3部分：[Unit]、[Service]和[Install]
[root@textbox system]# cat httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server #描述信息
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target #当前unit应当晚于哪些unit启动
Documentation=man:httpd(8) #man手册
Documentation=man:apachectl(8) #man手册
[Service]
Type=notify #unit进程启动类型，notify为在启动完成后会发送一个通知消息。还需要配合 NotifyAccess 来让 Systemd 接收消息
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/httpd #环境配置文件
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND #指明启动unit要运行命令或脚本的绝对路径
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful #指明reloadunit要运行的命令或脚本绝对路径
ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} #指明停止unit要运行的命令或脚本
# We want systemd to give httpd some time to finish gracefully, but still want
# it to kill httpd after TimeoutStopSec if something went wrong during the
# graceful stop. Normally, Systemd sends SIGTERM signal right after the
# ExecStop, which would kill httpd. We are sending useless SIGCONT here to give
# httpd time to finish.
KillSignal=SIGCONT #设置杀死进程的 第一步使用什么信号(见上文)SIGCONT是18号信号，表示继续
PrivateTmp=true #启动服务时会在/tmp目录生成一个类似system-private-xxx的文件，存在临时文件
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target #：被哪些units所依赖，弱依赖 三、一键安装脚本
参考：https://blog.51cto.com/14012942/2427694
四、最终自己写的system文件
[root@textbox ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=simple
EnvironmentFile=/etc/httpd/httpd.conf
ExecStart=/apps/httpd24/bin/apachectl -k start -DFOREGROUND
ExecReload=/apps/httpd24/bin/apachectl -k graceful
ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID}
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target效果：
[root@textbox ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@textbox ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-09-04 21:25:16 CST; 1min 51s ago
Main PID: 35575 (apachectl)
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─35575 /bin/sh /apps/httpd24/bin/apachectl -k start -DFOREGROUND
├─35577 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
├─35593 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
├─35594 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
└─35595 /apps/httpd24/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
Sep 04 21:25:16 textbox systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Sep 04 21:25:31 textbox apachectl[35575]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qual...ssage
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@textbox ~]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@textbox ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)